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Cosmos bipinnatus

Cosmos Bipinnatus

Coreopsis basalis (A. Dietr.) S. F. Blake, an annual or biennial herb of the genus Coreopsis in the asteraceae family, 30 to 60 cm tall, pinnately divided leaves, oval to oblong lobes, capitulate solitary branches, outer involucbracts nearly equal in length to inner ones, and tongue shaped flowers yellow. The base is purple brown, black purple in shape. The achenes are obovate and bloom from July to September. Golden rooster chrysanthemum is large and gorgeous, when it blooms under the background of green leaves, it is like golden rooster independent and brilliant, so it is named.

Native to North America, it is commonly cultivated in parks and courtyards throughout China. Cold and drought tolerance, soil requirements are not strict, love light, but semi-shade tolerance, strong adaptability, has a strong resistance to sulfur dioxide; Easy to cultivate, often can reproduce; In the production, sowing or branch propagation is often used, and cuttings can also be propagated in summer.

The main value of cinchchrysanthemum is ornamental and medicinal. Golden rooster chrysanthemum flowers bloom bright, winter leaves long green, to winter, the flower period of up to 2 months, for a good flower evergreen plants, its branches, leaves, flowers can be used for art cut flowers, for making flower baskets or flower arrangements. Cinchchrysanthemum can be used as a tea, and studies have shown that it has pharmacological activities such as lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, lowering blood pressure and lowering blood lipids, and has potential medicinal value.

Morphological characteristics

It is an annual or biennial herb, 30 to 60 cm tall, sparsely puberulent and branched. Leaves petiolate, leaf blade pinnately divided, lobes obovate to oblong, or sometimes linear in upper part. Inflorescence solitary, 

or a few corymbose, 2.5 to 5 cm in diameter, with long peduncle; Outer involucral bracts subequal to inner, lingual 8, yellow, base purplish brown, apex dentate or lobed; Tubular black purple. Achenes obovate, curved, 

with a bony margin. Flowering period from July to September.

Growing environment

Cinchchrysanthemum is cold and drought tolerant, not strict to the soil requirements, love light, but semi-shade tolerance, strong adaptability, has a strong resistance to sulfur dioxide. It grows well in sandy loam with 

sunny terrain and good drainage. In the fertile and moist soil, the branches and leaves flourish, but the flowering is reduced, the whole growth process avoids the heat, loves the light, the drought tolerance ridge is thin, 

and the cultivation management is extensive.

Distribution range

Cinchilla is native to North America. It is commonly cultivated in parks and courtyards all over China.

Propagation method

Cinchchrysanthemum is mostly propagated by sowing or branching, and can also be propagated by cuttings in summer.

Seeding and propagation

Seedling bed arrangement: Cinchilla is usually sown in indoor POTS in early spring, usually a sowing pot or wooden box with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 5 cm, cover the drainage hole with broken tiles, and then 

add 1/3 coarse gravel, 1/3 coarse grain culture soil, and l/3 sowing soil. Then, the soil surface is compacted and flattened with wooden strips, and the soil is 1 cm away from the side of the basin. After soaking the soil with 

the "pot soaking method", put the pot out and wait until all the water has penetrated before sowing.

Play method: When cinchilla is sown, the seed bag is opened, and the seeds are evenly scattered directly into the basin, or the seeds are mixed into fine sand and then evenly scattered into the basin. After sowing, cover the 

pan with a thin layer of fine soil, then cover the pan with glass, and then cover the glass with newspaper to reduce the evaporation of water.

Seedling management: Before the cinchilla seeds sprout, the soil should be kept moist, and the seedling bed should not be dry and wet, or too dry and too wet. It is advisable to lift the glass for a few minutes in the morning 

and evening, ventilate and cover it well during the day. After the seed is sprouted and unearthed, it is necessary to remove the covering in time, gradually see the light, and transplant when 1 to 2 true leaves are grown.

Fractionation

Each spring and autumn, the mother plant is divided into two or more plants for planting.

Cutting propagation

Every summer and autumn, the mother plant of Cinchchrysanthemum is easy to grow many stolons, and many young branches will be born on the stolons, which can be used for cutting propagation.

Cultivation technique

Soil

It is best to grow cinchchrysanthemum in loose, breathable, humus-rich soil. It is necessary to loosen the soil before planting cinchchrysanthemum, and loosening the soil after rain is conducive to the root respiration, 

and weeding once a week in the rainy season.

Water

Cinchchrysanthemum cultivation is easy, after planting watering once permeable, and then control watering to prevent plants from growing.

Illumination

Cinchchrysanthemum likes direct sunlight, and it is easy to grow in an overcast environment. In recent few rooms, short-day plants, short-day conditions can ensure that cinchilla flowers bright.

Fertilize

Before planting cinchilla soil can be used as the base fertilizer (1 kg/square meter), in the growth period of Cinchilla to flowering transition, to stop fertilization, after the growth of 4 buds.

Prune

When cinchilla grows to 6 cm high, it is necessary to pick the heart once, and pick the second heart when branching 10 cm, and remove the willow bud in time.

Disease and insect control

The common diseases of cinchilla are powdery mildew and black spot, which are caused by miscellaneous bacteria in the rain and soil, and can be used alternately with chlorothalil and tolbuzin every 10 days.

The common pests of Cinchilla are aphids, ground tigers, grubs, and alternately use dimethoate and fenthrin every 10 days.

The prevention and control methods of blight and brown spot disease: first, remove diseased leaves and pull out serious strains. Take away from the field for destruction; The second is pharmaceutical control, with can 

kill spray, every 5 to 7 days of medication. Spray three times in a row. Remove the nozzle of the sprayer with 75% of the phoxium emulsion 1000 times the liquid. Spray at the base of stems in the evening to control ground 

tigers. It has good effect to control other pests by using tachykiller, dichlorvos, dicofol and so on.

Primary value

Ornamental value

Golden rooster chrysanthemum flowers bloom bright, winter leaves long green, to winter not wither, the flowering period of up to 2 months, robust plant growth, easy cultivation and reproduction, for a good flower 

evergreen plants. The branches and leaves are dense, especially the young leaves sprout in winter, and the fresh green pieces are formed. Between spring and summer, the flowers are bright and often open. It can also 

reproduce itself. It's a good dredge quilt. See the leaves, but also see the flowers. It can be used as a covering material in roof greening, and can also be used as a flower border material. It can also be planted on the 

edge of grassland, sunny slope and forest farm, without any water and fertilizer, it can take root and bloom continuously. Its branches, leaves and flowers can be used for cutting flowers, making flower baskets or arranging 

flowers.

Economic value

Cinchilla branches, leaves and flowers can be used for artistic cut flowers, for making flower baskets or flower arrangements.

Medicinal value

It has been consumed as tea in the Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang, China, for more than a decade until 2017. The chemical components of Cinchchrysanthemum are mainly flavonoids, saponins, organic acids, tannins, 

sugars, volatile oils or fats and phenolic components. Studies have shown that it has pharmacological activities such as lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, lowering blood pressure and lowering blood lipids, and has 

potential medicinal value.

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