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Pyracantha crenatoserrata seed

Pyroecantha is an evergreen shrub of Pyroecantha genus of the rose family. The old branches are dark brown. The leaf blade is obovate, the edge is obtusely serrated, the tooth tip is curved inward, both sides are glabrous; Petiole short, glabrous or puberulent when tender; The inflorescence is compound corymbose with white nearly round petals. The fruit is nearly round and orange or deep red in color. The flowering period is from March to May, and the fruit period is from August to November. Because of its red fruit and sharp thorns on the branches, so named fire thorn. Pyrospine is distributed in the south of the Yellow River and the vast southwest region of China, and is produced in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces. Fire spine habit like bright light, barren resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance, soil requirements are not strict, and to good drainage, moist, loose neutral or slightly acidic loam as a good. The breeding method of pyrrhacantha is on-demand sowing. Fire thorn bonsai evergreen four seasons, compact plant type, luxuriant leaves, not only considerable leaf view flowers, but also considerable fruit, so by bonsai lovers favor. Fire thorn is also called "rescue food", according to legend, after the ancient Tujia army was defeated, the soldiers had to eat wild fruit on the tree and chase soldiers to launch a decisive battle and win, in order to appreciate the rescue of wild fruit, Tujia people will respect this wild fruit as "rescue food". "Compendium of Materia Medica" records that the fire spine has high medicinal value, can eliminate the accumulation of pain, blood circulation and hemostasis, used for indigestion, enteritis and dysentery, its root can also clear heat and cool blood, treatment of hepatitis. One of the different idioms of "Wufami" is the firethorn, which represents people who play; Fire thorn also means prosperity.

History of botany

Fire thorn is also called "rescue food", according to legend, after the ancient Tujia army was defeated, the soldiers had to eat wild fruit on the tree and chase soldiers to launch a decisive battle and win, in order to appreciate 

the rescue of wild fruit, Tujia people will respect this wild fruit as "rescue food".

Morphological characteristics

Firethorn is an evergreen shrub, usually growing to about three meters, its lateral branches are relatively short, the top of the tree shows the shape of thorns, while the young branches have soft rust-colored hair, and the 

old branches are dark brown in color and without fine hair.

The buds of pyrothorns are relatively small and covered with short hairs.

Leaf blade obovate or obovate oblong, 1.5 -- 6 cm long, 0.5 -- 2 cm wide, apex obtuse or slightly concave, sometimes with short cusp, base cuneate, extending downward to petiole, margin obtuse serrate, teeth cuspate 

inward, entire margin near base, glabrous on both sides; Petiole short, glabrous or puberulent when tender.

The flower petals are white in color and approximately round in shape, and usually bloom from March to May. Flowers integrated compound corymbose, 3-4 cm diam., pedicel and total pedicel nearly glabrous, pedicel ca. 

1 cm long; Flowers about 1 cm in diameter; Calyx tube campanulate, glabrous; Sepals triangular ovate, apex obtuse; Petals white, nearly rounded, ca. 4 mm long and 3 mm wide; Stamens 20, filaments 3-4 mm long, anthers 

yellow; Style 5, free, equal to stamen, upper ovary densely white pilose.

The fruit is spherical in shape, about five millimeters in size, red in color, and usually bears fruit between August and November.

Distribution range

It is distributed from eastern Asia to southern Europe, and is mainly distributed in southwest China, including Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Fujian, Jiangsu and other provinces. There are 10 

species and 7 species from China.

Growth habit

The growth habit of firethorn, like most evergreen shrubs, is more like bright light, not very high requirements for soil, against soil fertility is strong, and can resist drought, but the only drawback of firethorn is that it is 

not cold. For our country, the southern region can basically be planted outdoors, only North China needs indoor planting and cultivation, usually by potted plants, or plastic greenhouse planting, to prevent the northern 

winter is too cold, firethorn can not survive. Pyrospiny has a strong ability to adapt, although it is more resistant to barren, but in order to make better growth and development of pyrospiny seedlings, it is necessary to 

choose high-quality soil for planting. The best choice of soil is loose slightly acidic or neutral soil, and the planting area needs to be well drained and moist.

Breed. It is best to choose the time of cuttage propagation in November to March of the next year, during this period, the survival rate is usually relatively high.

Propagation method

The breeding method of pyrrhacantha is on-demand sowing.

Seed

The Pyranthorn fruit is ripe in October and can be stored on the tree until February of the next year. It is appropriate to collect the seeds from October to December. After harvesting, remove the pulp in time, rinse the seeds and dry them for use. Before sowing, the seeds can be treated with 2 ‰ concentration of gibberellin, and the long trench of 5 cm deep is opened on the arranged seedbed according to the row spacing of 20 to 30 cm, and the sowing trench is covered with 3 cm of soil.

cutting

1 to 2 years of branches, cut the growth of 12 to 15 cm cuttings, the lower end of the horse shape, in the arranged bed to open a deep 10 cm trench, the cuttings were placed on the edge of the ditch at a 30° Angle, the distance between the ear strips 10 cm, the upper surface of the bed 2 to 5 cm, covered with soil, the cutting time from November to March of the next year can be carried out, the survival rate is generally more than 90%.

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